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Amino Acids: The Forum for Amino Acid, Peptide and Protein Research (v.13, #1)
Taurine prevents intracellular calcium overload during calcium paradox of cultured cardiomyocytes by K. Takahashi Ph. D.; S. W. Schaffer; J. Azuma (pp. 1-11).
The effect of taurine on the cellular distribution of [Ca2+]i, during the calcium paradox was examined by digital imaging of a single fura-2-loaded cell. Cardiomyocytes superfused with control medium containing 2mM Ca2+ exhibited typical transients associated with spontaneous beating. When the cells were exposed to Ca2+-free buffer, immediate cessation of both spontaneous contractions and calcium transients was observed as [Ca2+]; rapidly fell to a level of 3–6 × 10−8M. Subsequent restoration of medium calcium increased [Ca2+]i to level 4–7 times normal. Large increases in [Ca2+]i were observed in most cells and were associated with the development of contracture and bleb formation.Taurine pretreatment (20mM) caused no significant effect on [Ca2+]i during Ca2+ depletion. However, it inhibited excessive accumulation of [Ca2+]i during the Ca2+ repletion. Moreover, taurine treated cells recovered their Ca2+-transients and beating pattern earlier than non-treated cells. Finally morphological abnormalities commonly associated with calcium overload were attenuated by taurine treatment.
Keywords: Amino acids; Taurine; Calcium paradox; Cultured myocardial cell; Intracellular free calcium; Beating
Identification of post-translational modified amino acids by P. Tsiboli; G. Konstantinidis; Y. Skendros; A. Katsani; Dr. T. Choli-Papadopoulou (pp. 13-23).
Methylated lysines (N ɛ -mono-methylated, N ɛ -di-methylated and N ɛ -tri-methylated) have been identified after derivatization with orthophthaldialdehyde (OPA) by using pre-column and post-column derivatization techniques.Also the N ɛ -acetylated lysine and N ɛ -formylated lysine have been identified by OPA post-column derivatization techniques but only in free form due to their instability under acidic conditions which are used for protein hydrolysis.Additionally, all the modified amino acids mentioned above have been derivatized with DABITC/PITC, an Edman reagent, and identified as DABTH-derivatives on thin-layer polyamide sheets.
Keywords: Amino acids; Modified amino acids; HPLC; Edman reagent