Check out our New Publishers' Select for Free Articles

Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry (v.380, #4)

Molecular imprinting: a dynamic technique for diverse applications in analytical chemistry by Vivek Babu Kandimalla; Hunagxian Ju (pp. 587-605).

Continuous advances in analyzing complex matrices, improving reliability and simplicity, and performing multiple simultaneous assays with extreme sensitivity are increasing. Several techniques have been developed for the quantitative assays of analytes at low concentrations (e.g., high-pressure liquid chromatography, gas chromatography, immunoassay and the polymerase chain reaction technique). To achieve highly specific and sensitive analysis, high affinity, stable, and specific recognition agents are needed. Although biological recognition agents are very specific and sensitive they are labile and/or have a low density of binding sites. During the past decade molecular imprinting has emerged as an attractive and highly accepted tool for the development of artificial recognition agents. Molecular imprinting is achieved by the interaction, either noncovalent or covalent, between complementary groups in a template molecule and functional monomer units through polymerization or polycondensation. These molecularly imprinted polymers have been widely employed for diverse applications (e.g., in chromatographic separation, drug screening, chemosensors, catalysis, immunoassays etc.) owing to their specificity towards the target molecules and high stability against physicochemical perturbations. In this review the advantages, applications, and recent developments in molecular imprinting technology are highlighted.

Keywords: Molecular imprinting; Analytical chemistry; Catalysis; Solid-phase extraction; Sensors

Glucose oxidase–magnetite nanoparticle bioconjugate for glucose sensing by Liane M. Rossi; Ashley D. Quach; Zeev Rosenzweig (pp. 606-613).

Immobilization of bioactive molecules on the surface of magnetic nanoparticles is of great interest, because the magnetic properties of these bioconjugates promise to greatly improve the delivery and recovery of biomolecules in biomedical applications. Here we present the preparation and functionalization of magnetite (Fe₃O₄) nanoparticles 20 nm in diameter and the successful covalent conjugation of the enzyme glucose oxidase to the amino-modified nanoparticle surface. Functionalization of the magnetic nanoparticle surface with amino groups greatly increased the amount and activity of the immobilized enzyme compared with immobilization procedures involving physical adsorption. The enzymatic activity of the glucose oxidase-coated magnetic nanoparticles was investigated by monitoring oxygen consumption during the enzymatic oxidation of glucose using a ruthenium phenanthroline fluorescent complex for oxygen sensing. The glucose oxidase-coated magnetite nanoparticles could function as nanometric glucose sensors in glucose solutions of concentrations up to 20 mmol L⁻¹. Immobilization of glucose oxidase on the nanoparticles also increased the stability of the enzyme. When stored at 4°C the nanoparticle suspensions maintained their bioactivity for up to 3 months.

Keywords: Magnetic nanoparticles; Glucose sensing

HPLC micro-fractionation coupled to a cell-based assay for automated on-line primary screening of calcium antagonistic components in plant extracts by Päivi Tammela; Tero Wennberg; Heikki Vuorela; Pia Vuorela (pp. 614-618).

High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) micro-fractionation was successfully coupled to an automated ⁴⁵Ca²⁺ uptake assay using GH₄C₁ cells for the separation of natural product extracts and for the primary detection of their calcium antagonistic components. The reliability of the procedure was first established with a reference solution consisting of pure compounds with a known effect on the Ca²⁺ uptake. No loss of activity was observed to occur after HPLC micro-fractionation. Extracts of Peucedanum palustre and Pinus sylvestris, showing high and no inhibition of Ca²⁺ uptake as total extracts, respectively, were analysed and the inhibitory activity of the P. palustre extract could be traced to two components, identified as columbianadin and isoimperatorin. As expected, no significant inhibition was observed with the micro-fractionated P. sylvestris samples. In summary, the procedure was found to be applicable for primary detection of calcium antagonistic components in complex matrices and to significantly reduce the time previously needed for bioactivity-guided isolation.

Keywords: HPLC micro-fractionation; Automation; Ca²⁺ uptake; GH₄C₁ cells; Voltage-operated calcium channels

Time-resolved enzymatic determination of glucose using a fluorescent europium probe for hydrogen peroxide by Meng Wu; Zhihong Lin; Axel Dürkop; Otto S. Wolfbeis (pp. 619-626).

An enzymatic assay for glucose based on the use of the fluorescent probe for hydrogen peroxide, europium(III) tetracycline (EuTc), is described. The weakly fluorescent EuTc and enzymatically generated H₂O₂ form a strongly fluorescent complex (EuTc–H₂O₂) whose fluorescence decay profile is significantly different. Since the decay time of EuTc–H₂O₂ is in the microseconds time domain, fluorescence can be detected in the time-resolved mode, thus enabling substantial reduction of background fluorescence. The scheme represents the first H₂O₂-based time-resolved fluorescence assay for glucose not requiring the presence of a peroxidase. The time-resolved assay (with a delay time of 60 μs and using endpoint detection) enables glucose to be determined at levels as low as 2.2 μmol L⁻¹, with a dynamic range of 2.2–100 μmol L⁻¹. The method also was adapted to a kinetic assay in order to cover higher glucose levels (mmol L⁻¹ range). The latter was validated by analyzing spiked serum samples and gave a good linear relationship for glucose levels from 2.5 to 55.5 mmol L⁻¹. Noteworthy features of the assay include easy accessibility of the probe, large Stokes’ shift, a line-like fluorescence peaking at 616 nm, stability towards oxygen, a working pH of approximately 7, and its suitability for both kinetic and endpoint determination.

Keywords: Glucose; Europium; Fluorescent probe; Hydrogen peroxide; Time-resolved fluorescence

¹H high-resolution magic-angle spinning (HR-MAS) NMR analysis of ligand density on resins using a resin internal standard by Laura H. Lucas; Matthew A. Cerny; Yakov M. Koen; Robert P. Hanzlik; Cynthia K. Larive (pp. 627-631).

We recently attempted to generate an affinity chromatography adsorbent to purify cytochrome P450 4A1 by coupling 11-(1′-imidazolyl)-3,6,9-trioxaundecanoic acid to Toyopearl AF-Amino 650 M resin. Variations in ligand density for several resin batches were quantified by high-resolution magic-angle spinning (HR-MAS) NMR spectroscopy using a novel resin internal standard. The uniquely designed ImQ internal resin standard yields its signature resonance in a transparent region of the analyte spectrum making suppression of the polymer background unnecessary. This method enabled us to target a reasonable ligand density for enzyme purification and provides an advantageous alternative to quantitation against soluble standards or protonated solvent.

Keywords: ¹H NMR spectroscopy; HR-MAS; Quantitation; Resin-loading analysis

Determination of human IgG by solid-substrate room-temperature phosphorescence immunoassay based on an antibody labeled with nanoparticles containing rhodamine 6G luminescent molecules by Jia-Ming Liu; Tian-Long Yang; Xue-Shui Liang; Ai-Hong Wu; Long-Di Li; Shao-Qin Lin (pp. 632-636).

Luminescent 50-nm silicon dioxide nanoparticles containing both types of rhodamine 6G (R; particles denoted R-SiO₂) were synthesized by the sol–gel method. In the presence of Pb(Ac)₂ as a heavy atom perturber the particle can emit the intense and stable room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) signal of R on a polyamide membrane, with λ_ex^max/λ_em^max=470/635 nm for R. Our research indicates that the specific immune reaction between goat-anti-human IgG antibody labeled with R-SiO₂ and human IgG can be carried out quantitatively on a polyamide membrane, and the phosphorescence intensity was enhanced after the immunoreaction. Thus a new method for solid-substrate room-temperature phosphorescence immunoassay (SS-RTP-IA) for determination of human IgG was established on the basis of antibody labeled with the nanoparticles containing binary luminescent molecules. The linear range of this method is 0.0624–20.0 pg spot⁻¹ of human IgG (corresponding to a concentration range of 0.156–50.0 ng mL⁻¹, sample volume 0.40 μL spot⁻¹). The regression equations of the working curves are ΔI_p=71.27+7.208m_IgG (pg spot⁻¹) (r=0.9996). Detection limits calculated as 3S_b/k are 0.022 pg spot⁻¹. Compared with the same IA using fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) as the marker the new method was more sensitive and had a wider linear range. After elevenfold replicate measurement RSD are 4.5 and 3.6% for samples containing 0.156 and 50.0 ng mL⁻¹ IgG, respectively. This method is sensitive, accurate, and of high precision.

Keywords: Luminescent nanoparticle; Solid-substrate room-temperature phosphorescence immunoassay; Human IgG; Rhodamine 6G

Simultaneous assay of glucose, lactate, L-glutamate and hypoxanthine levels in a rat striatum using enzyme electrodes based on neutral red-doped silica nanoparticles by Fen-Fen Zhang; Qiao Wan; Chen-Xin Li; Xiao-Li Wang; Zi-Qiang Zhu; Yue-Zhong Xian; Li-Tong Jin; Katsunobu Yamamoto (pp. 637-642).

An electrochemical method suitable for the simultaneous measurement of cerebral glucose, lactate, L-glutamate and hypoxanthine concentrations from in vivo microdialysis sampling has been successfully performed for the first time using a neutral red-doped silica (NRDS) nanoparticle-derived enzyme sensor system. These uniform NRDS nanoparticles (about 50±3 nm) were prepared by a water-in-oil (W/O) microemulsion method, and characterized by a TEM technique. The neutral red-doped interior maintained its high electron-activity, while the exterior nano-silica surface prevented the mediator from leaching out into the aqueous solution, and showed high biocompability. These nanoparticles were then mixing with the glucose oxidase (GOD), lactate oxidase (LOD), L-glutamate oxidase (L-GLOD) or xanthine oxidase (XOD), and immobilized on four glassy carbon electrodes, respectively. A thin Nafion film was coated on the enzyme layer to prevent interference from molecules such as ascorbic acid and uric acid in the dialysate. The high sensitivity of the NRDS modified enzyme electrode system enables the simultaneous monitoring of trace levels of glucose, L-glutamate, lactate and hypoxanthine in diluted dialysate samples from a rat striatum.

Keywords: Neutral red-doped silica (NRDS) nanoparticle; Microdialysis sampling; Enzyme electrode system; Rat striatum; Mediator

Simultaneous determination of L-arginine and its mono- and dimethylated metabolites in human plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry by Lan-Fang Huang; Fang-Qiu Guo; Yi-Zeng Liang; Bo-Yang Li; Ben-Mei Cheng (pp. 643-649).

A simple, fast, sensitive, and reproducible isocratic liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS) method coupled with an atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) interface for simultaneous separation and determination of L-arginine (ARG) and its methylated metabolites, N-monomethyl-L-arginine (MMA), N^G,N^G-dimethylarginine (asymmetric dimethyl arginine, ADMA), and N^G,N′^G-dimethylarginine (symmetric dimethyl arginine, SDMA), in human plasma is presented. Sample pretreatment is not required other than deproteinization with 5-sulfosalicylic acid (5-SSA). Satisfactory chromatographic separation was achieved on a 2.0×150-mm Shimadzu VP-ODS column by using a mobile phase consisting of water/acetonitrile (90/10, v/v) containing 0.5% trifluoroacetic acid (TFA). Positive selective ion monitoring (SIM) mode was chosen for quantification of each analyte. The positively protonated molecular ions [M+H]⁺ of ARG, MMA, ADMA, and SDMA were monitored at m/z 175, 189, 203, and 203, respectively. L-Homoarginine was used as the internal standard (IS) for the assay. The limits of quantification (LOQs) were found to be 1.0 μmol L⁻¹ for ARG, and 0.2 μmol L⁻¹ for MMA, ADMA, and SDMA. The inter-assay precision and accuracy were in the range of 1.8–4.9% and −3.0–5.0%, respectively. The intra-assay precision and accuracy were in the order of 1.7–4.6 and −2.6–4.0%, respectively. The recoveries were between 90.0 and 106.6%. The levels of ARG, MMA, ADMA, and SDMA in human plasma were also determined using the developed method.

Keywords: HPLC; Mass spectrometry; Atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) interface; Arginine (ARG); Methylarginines; Plasma

Determination of chlorite in drinking water by differential pulse voltammetry on graphite by Giovanni Pezzatini; Ilaria Midili; Gabriele Toti; Francesca Loglio; Massimo Innocenti (pp. 650-657).

The chlorite ion is an unavoidable by-product of the disinfection of drinking water by means of chlorine dioxide. The maximum concentration values of chlorite accepted in many countries’ regulations range from 0.2 to 1.0 mg L⁻¹. A simple, inexpensive and quickly set up voltammetric procedure for the on-site determination of chlorite in drinking water networks is described. This procedure is suitable for the whole range of applications in drinking water plants. A useful cell for on-field analysis has been developed. Surface morphology and behaviour of carbon-based working electrodes have been investigated by voltammetry and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Actual samples of different types of water networks have been analysed for chlorite concentration.

Keywords: Chlorite determination; Drinking water; Graphite electrodes; Differential pulse voltammetry; Atomic force microscopy

Voltammetric studies of the interaction of quinacrine with DNA by Mehmet Aslanoglu; Gulay Ayne (pp. 658-663).

The binding interaction of the antimalarial drug quinacrine with herring sperm deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) has been studied by square wave voltammetry. The binding parameters, the binding constant K and the binding site size s, were obtained simultaneously by the analysis of bound and free quinacrine concentration corresponding to the limits of slow and fast binding kinetics compared to the experimental timescale. The binding constant and the binding site size for the interaction of quinacrine with DNA were K=1.59 (±0.18)×10⁵ M⁻¹ and s=7.1 (±0.15) base pairs and K=7.35 (±0.83)×10⁵ M⁻¹, s=6.2 (±0.02) base pairs for the limiting conditions of static and mobile binding equilibrium respectively. The standard Gibbs free energy change (ΔG⁰=−RT ln K) is approximately −29.67 kJ/mol at 25 °C, which highlights the spontaneity of the binding of quinacrine with DNA. The binding of quinacrine to herring sperm DNA results in peak potential shifts in voltammetric and a red shift in UV-absorption measurements. The ionic strength dependence of the binding constant is not large. Furthermore, the relative viscosity of DNA increases in the presence of quinacrine. These characteristics strongly support the intercalation of quinacrine into DNA. The results also show that the intercalation of quinacrine into DNA may occur at approximately every seventh base pair.

Keywords: DNA; Quinacrine; Voltammetry; Binding constant; Binding site size; Viscosity

Determination of acidity constants of enolisable compounds by capillary electrophoresis by N. Mofaddel; N. Bar; D. Villemin; P. L. Desbène (pp. 664-668).

Research on the structure–activity relationships of molecules with acidic carbon atoms led us to undertake a feasibility study on the determination of their acidity constants by capillary electrophoresis (CE). The studied molecules had diverse structures and were tetronic acid, acetylacetone, diethylmalonate, Meldrum’s acid, 3-methylrhodanine, nitroacetic acid ethyl ester, pyrimidine-2,4,6-trione, 3-oxo-3-phenylpropionic acid ethyl ester, 1-phenylbutan-1,3-dione, 5,5-dimethylcyclohexan-1,3-dione and homophthalic anhydride. The pK_a range explored by CE was therefore very large (from 3 to 12) and pK_a values near 12 were evaluated by mathematical extrapolations. The analyses were carried out in CZE mode using a fused silica capillary grafted (or not) with hexadimethrine. Owing to the electrophoretic behaviour of these compounds according to the pH, their acidity constants could be evaluated and appeared in perfect agreement with the literature data obtained, a few decades ago, by means of potentiometry, spectrometry or conductimetry. The pK_a of homophthalic anhydride and 3-methylrhodanine were evaluated for the first time.

Keywords: Capillary electrophoresis; Carbon acidity; Dissociation constant; Enolisable compound

Speciation of organotin compounds by capillary electrophoresis: comparison of aqueous and mixed organic-aqueous systems by Lei Guo; Frank-Michael Matysik; Petra Gläser (pp. 669-676).

A capillary electrophoresis method with direct ultraviolet detection was developed for the analysis of organotin species. Despite the fact that direct detection of organotin compounds by ultraviolet absorption is difficult because most organotins possess poor chromophoric properties, the application of low wavelength (λ=200 nm) and mixed organic-aqueous media enabled a significant enhancement in sensitivity. A mixed organic-aqueous system (10% methanol/40% acetonitrile/50% H₂O) containing acetic acid and tetrabutylammonium perchlorate formed the basis for rapid, efficient and sensitive determinations of organotin cations such as tripropyltin, tributyltin, triphenyltin and diphenyltin. The concentration limits of detection (LOD) for the four organotin compounds were in the range of 0.4–14 μM, comparable to that obtained with the most sensitive indirect UV method reported until now, and took advantage of a stable baseline, a symmetric peak shape and an absence of disturbing system peaks. The relative standard deviations (n=7) for the relative peak time and peak area were 0.44–0.77 and 4.8–5.8%, respectively. In addition to sensitivity enhancements, the use of organic-aqueous systems instead of pure aqueous media resulted in improved selectivity and efficiency of separations.

Keywords: Capillary electrophoresis; Organotin; Sensitivity; Mixed organic-aqueous system

Off-line separation and determination of rare earth elements associated with chloroplast pigments of hyperaccumulator Dicranopteris dichotoma by normal-phase liquid chromatography and ICP–MS by Z. G. Wei; F. S. Hong; M. Yin; H. X. Li; F. Hu; G. W. Zhao; J. W. C. Wong (pp. 677-682).

An off-line normal-phase liquid chromatography–ICP–MS method has been used for separation and determination of the rare earth elements (REE) associated with chloroplast pigments of Dicranopteris dichotoma. The stability of REE-bound pigments was tested, and almost no destruction of REE-bound pigments occurred during the so-called normal-phase liquid chromatography. The accumulated free REE ions on the microcrystalline cellulose column were cleaned by elution with 5 mmol L⁻¹ 2-ethylhexyl hydrogen 2-ethylhexylphosphonate (P507), to avoid exchange of these free ions with metals from the pigments. When these precautions were taken, the method was applied to the study of REE-bound pigments in D. dichotoma. ICP–MS results showed REE were present in chlorophylls and lutein, although REE concentrations in carotene and pheophytin were both below procedural blank levels. By careful analysis of the eluate fractions containing chlorophyll a it was found that REE-bound chlorophyll a in D. dichotoma was slightly enriched in the fractions with relatively short retention time. Results indicated that the retention time of REE-bound chlorophyll a might be slightly less than that of magnesium chlorophyll a, and REE-bound chlorophylls might be of relatively low polarity in comparison with magnesium bound chlorophylls. This phenomenon could be explained by the special double-decker sandwich-structure of REE-bound chlorophylls, as was reported by us and other authors. On the basis of these results we preferred to consider that REE can replace magnesium in chlorophyll a of D. dichotoma, and that the role of REE-bound chlorophylls in photosynthesis cannot be neglected. These data might be useful for understanding of both the properties of REE-bound pigments and the effect of REE on plant photosynthesis.

Keywords: Rare earth elements; Chloroplast pigmentsDicranopteris dichotomaICP–MS

Analysis of inorganic mercury species associated with airborne particulate matter/aerosols: method development by Xinbin Feng; Julia Y. Lu; D. Conrad. Grègoire; Yingjie Hao; Catharine M. Banic; William H. Schroeder (pp. 683-689).

This paper describes a method for speciation of Hg associated with airborne particulate matter. This method uses a mini-sampler for sample collection and analysis, thermal desorption for separating Hg species, and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP–MS) for identification and quantification of Hg. Coal fly ash spiked with different Hg compounds (e.g. Hg⁰, HgCl₂, HgO, and HgS) was used for qualitative calibration. A standard reference material with a certified value for Hg concentration was used to evaluate the method. When the temperature of the furnace was programmed at a linear rate of increase of 50° min⁻¹, different Hg compounds could clearly be separated. Three airborne particulate matter samples were collected in parallel in Toronto, ON, Canada and analyzed using this method. Reproducible results were obtained and Hg⁰, HgCl₂, HgO, and HgS species from these samples were detected.

Keywords: Mercury; Speciation; Airborne particulate matter; ICP–MS; Thermal desorption

Facilitated transport of Hg(II) through novel activated composite membranes by M. E. Páez-Hernández; K. Aguilar-Arteaga; M. Valiente; M. T. Ramírez-Silva; M. Romero-Romo; M. Palomar-Pardavé (pp. 690-697).

The results presented in this work deal with the prime application of activated composite membranes (ACMs) for the transport of Hg(II) ions in a continuous extraction–re-extraction system using di-(2-ethylhexyl)dithiophosphoric acid (DTPA) as carrier. The effects of variables such as the pH, the nature of the acid and the concentration of the casting solutions on the transport of Hg(II) are also investigated. When the ACM was prepared with a 0.5 M DTPA solution and when the feed solution contained 2.5×10⁻⁴ M Hg(II) in 0.1 M HCl, the amount of mercury extracted was greater than 76%. The re-extracted mercury was subsequently recovered by means of a stripping phase comprising 0.3 M thiourea solution in 2 M H₂SO₄, yielding 54% of the initial amount of mercury after transport had taken place for 180 min.

Keywords: Activated composite membrane (ACM); Mercury; Transport; DTPA

Chromatographic analysis of sugars applied to the characterisation of monofloral honey by J. F. Cotte; H. Casabianca; S. Chardon; J. Lheritier; M. F. Grenier-Loustalot (pp. 698-705).

The control of the floral quality of honey has become a priority issue as a result of the number of abuses observed and the relative ease of getting around existing control methods. We conducted chromatographic analyses of honey sugars to determine new criteria for authenticating an origin. The work involved creating databases by analysing a large number of authentic honeys from seven monofloral varieties, followed by statistical processing of the results by a principal components analysis. Differences in composition could thus be demonstrated, such as the presence of trisaccharides in fir honey, that provide an additional tool for authenticating unknow commercial honeys.

Keywords: Monofloral honey; Authenticity; Sugar analysis; HPAEC-PAD; GC-FID; PCA

Use of near infrared spectroscopy in a study of binding media used in paintings by Alicia Jurado-López; María Dolores Luque de Castro (pp. 706-711).

The present study illustrates the use of near infrared spectroscopy in the conservation and restoration field. This application of the technique, widely used in other fields such as the agricultural and food industries, is very interesting due to two of its features: rapidity and non-destructiveness. In this study, three classification algorithms have been used to attempt to correlate the spectra of the samples under study—mixtures of two pigments (one organic and the other inorganic)—with binder recipes found in literature. Some of these recipes have very similar compositions, but they were distinguished into groups, depending on the painting technique associated with them.

Keywords: Binders; Drying oils; Tempera; Tempera grassa; Chemometrics

Technology of production of red figure pottery from Attic and southern Italian workshops by Piero Mirti; Monica Gulmini; Alessandra Perardi; Patrizia Davit; Diego Elia (pp. 712-718).

Samples from Greek figure vases were investigated by scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray analysis, X-ray diffraction, thermomechanical analysis and reflectance spectroscopy to achieve a technological characterisation. The vases, dating from the end of the sixth to the fourth century BC, had been excavated at Locri Epizephiri (Calabria, Italy) and attributed to Attic or local workshops, respectively. Information on the morphology of black slip areas and firing temperatures was compared with that previously obtained for Attic and local black gloss pottery from the same site; results show that the peculiar technique required for the production of black slips was mastered by both Attic and local potters and employed for monochrome and figured products. The black coating is usually well vitrified and 15- to 20-μm thick; the evaluated maximum firing temperature is around 900°C, while a temperature lower than 800°C is generally estimated for ceramic body re-oxidation.

Keywords: Pottery technology; Red figure vases; SEM-EDS; Reflectance spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; Thermomechanical analysis

Identification and quantification of gossypol in cotton by using packed micro-tips columns in combination with HPLC by R. Meyer; S. Vorster; I. A. Dubery (pp. 719-724).

Self-packed micro-tip columns containing a C₁₈-bonded silica stationary phase, based on the same principles as solid-phase extraction methods, were used to obtain gossypol and related sesquiterpenoid aldehyde-enriched fractions. The enriched metabolite fractions were then analyzed by optimized high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with a C₁₈ column (4.6 mm×25 cm) eluted with the binary mobile phase acetonitrile–0.1% aqueous TFA solution (80:20). This method has proven to be highly reproducible. The precision and accuracy, as %RSD and %RME values, were determined to be less than 15% for the method. The minimum detection limit of gossypol was determined to be 10 ng (absolute gossypol). Absolute recovery was greater than 94% with a standard deviation of ±3.68%. This is a simple, fast, and cost-effective method for isolation, identification, and quantification of gossypol and related secondary metabolites. Comparative analysis of gossypol content was performed on different parts of the cotton plant (seeds, stems and leaves) of two different cultivars of Gossypium hirsutum L. (Acala_1517–70 and OR₁₉). The results indicate that the OR₁₉ cv naturally contains higher gossypol levels than the Acala cv. It was also found that treatment of leaves with a Verticillium dahliae-derived elicitor induced production of deoxyhemigossypol rather than gossypol.

Keywords: Diode array; Extraction methodsGossypium spp.; Gossypol; HPLC; Micro-tip; Solid-phase micro-extraction

2005 Bunsen–Kirchhoff Award for Analytical Spectroscopy (pp. 725-725).

Sections

Personal tools

Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry (v.380, #4)

Sections

Personal tools

Local resources

Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry (v.380, #4)