Forgot your password?
New user?
New Window Opens on the Secret Life of Microbes: Scientists Develop First Microbial Profiles of Ecosystems
CAS announces the release of SciFinder Scholar for Mac OS X
Press Releases
Press Releases
| Check out our New Publishers' Select for Free Articles |
Biochemical Genetics (v.40, #7-8)
Genetic Variability in Hoplias malabaricus (Osteichthyes: Erythrinidae) in Fluvial and Lacustrine Environments in the Upper Paraná River Floodplain (Paraná State, Brazil) by Maria Dolores Peres; Erasmo Renesto; Ana Sílvia Lapenta; Cláudio Henrique Zawadzki (pp. 209-223).
Genetic variability in Hoplias malabaricus, from two localities in the upper Paraná River floodplain, was investigated by starch and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. A total of 52 specimens were analyzed for 14 enzymatic systems. Twenty-three gene loci of 13 enzymatic systems (AAT, ACP, ADH, GDH, G6PDH, GPI, IDH, LDH, MDH, MEP, PGM, PER, and SOD) were analyzed by starch gel electrophoresis (Penetrose-30). The EST system was analyzed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and one polymorphic locus was found (EST-1). Twenty-four loci were detected. The proportion of polymorphic loci was 37.5% in the lagoon and 33.3% in the river. Significant differences in allele frequencies of five loci were found between specimens from the two environments. Expected mean heterozygosity (H e = 0.14) is the same in the river and lagoon, however, Nei's genetic distance (D) between the population of the two locations was 0.049.
Keywords: isozymes; floodplain; genetic variability; Paraná River; Hoplias malabaricus ; fishes; allozymes
Nuclear DNA PCR-RFLPs That Distinguish African and European Honey Bee Groups of Subspecies. I: Comparison of Long PCR and Standard PCR to Screen for Polymorphisms by Alonso Suazo; H. Glenn Hall (pp. 225-239).
Nuclear DNA RFLPs between African and European honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) were sought by amplifying short (1–2 kbp) and long (>5 kbp) anonymous regions ofDNA and digesting the respective PCR products with a collection of restriction enzymes. Three short and three long regions were each screened with 26–31 enzymes. From a total of 163 locus enzyme combinations (LECs), seven revealed informative polymorphisms. One of these LECs came from one of the three short regions (S-3 with AluI), producing a total of seven alleles, five of which were African-specific. The search for useful RFLPs was far more effective within the long regions. The other six informative LECs came from the three long regions (L-1 with AluI, L-2 with AvaI and HaeIII, and L-5 with HaeIII, DdeI, and SpeI), producing a total of 43 alleles, of which 18 were African-specific, 13 were European-specific, and two were predominantly found in the European samples. Among the European alleles, two were predominantly found in west European honey bee subspecies. Strong associations between alleles generated by pairs of enzymes at a locus were found.
Keywords: long PCR; RFLP; African and European honey bee; Apis mellifera
Nuclear DNA PCR-RFLPs That Distinguish African and European Honey Bee Groups of Subspecies. II: Conversion of Long PCR Markers to Standard PCR by Alonso Suazo; H. Glenn Hall (pp. 241-261).
Nuclear DNA PCR-RFLPs previously found in amplifications of three long (>5 kbp) anonymous regions of DNA were made analyzable using standard PCR procedures. RFLP analyses were simplified by restricting the amplifications to sections, within each locus, that contained most of the informative polymorphic sites. AluI digests of locus L-1 section 2 (L-1S2) revealed three suballeles of which one was African-specific (Apis mellifera scutellata Lepeletier) and one was east European-predominant (A. m. ligustica Spinola, A. m. carnica Pollman, and A. m. caucasica Gorbachev). Alleles found originally at locus L-2 with Avawere determined in RFLP analysis of two sections, L-2S1int and L-2S2, resulting in two African-specific and two east European-predominant suballeles. Suballele identity was determined by the combination of banding patterns from both fragments. revealed by HaeIII in locus L-2 were analyzed in amplifications and digests of L-2S1int, an 830 bp fragment within L-2S1. Seven suballeles were found of which two were African-specific and three were east European-specific or predominant, including one suballele specific to the east European subspecies A. m. caucasica. In locus L-5, RFLPs were detected with HaeIII, DdeI, and SpeI. HaeIII polymorphisms were analyzed by amplification and digestion of fragments L-5S1xt and L-5S1ter. Five suballeles were found of which three were African-specific and one east European-predominant. For DdeI, all five alleles originally found with long PCR could be identified in RFLP analyses of three sections. Two African-specific, one east European-specific, and one west European-predominant (A. m. mellifera L. and A. m. iberica Goetze) suballeles were found. A west European-predominant suballele was also found in RFLP analysis of L-5S3 with SpeI. Allele frequency data from Old World and U.S. populations are presented.
Keywords: PCR-RFLP; genetic markers; African and European honey bee; Apis mellifera
Cloning, Mapping, and Characterization of the Human Rab3C Gene by Haipeng Cheng; Yushu Ma; Xiaohua Ni; Min Jiang; Yao Luo; Kang Ying; Yi Xie; Yumin Mao (pp. 263-272).
Rab proteins are small molecular weight GTPases that control vesicular traffic in eukaryotic cells. A subset of Rab proteins, the Rab3 proteins are thought to play an important role in regulated exocytosis of vesicles. During the large-scale sequencing analysis of a human fetal brain cDNA library, we isolated a cDNA clone encoding a novel Rab protein, which showed 99% identity with previously isolated bovine Rab3C at the amino acid level. It contained four conserved motifs characteristic of the Rab3 family. RT-PCR analysis indicated that human Rab3C was expressed in the human brain, placenta, and lung. By mapping, we localized the Rab3C gene to human chromosome 5q13. The Rab3C gene consisted of 6 exons spanning more than 310 kb of human genomic DNA. Rab3A, Rab3B, and Rab3D have been mapped to three different chromosomes, suggesting that they are not transcripts of the same gene.
Keywords: Rab3C; vesicular trafficking; mapping
Cloning and Expression of a Novel Retinoblastoma Binding Protein cDNA, RBBP10 by Jin-Zhong Chen; Quan-Sheng Yang; Shu Wang; Xian-Fang Meng; Kang Ying; Yi Xie; Yu-Min Mao (pp. 273-282).
A 2860-bp cDNA was isolated from a human fetal brain cDNA library by high throughput cDNA sequencing, which encodes a putative protein with 186 amino acids. The putative protein shares 90.7% identity with rat pBOG (3403163) and shares 93.4% identity with human RBBP9 (NPA conserved RB binding domain, L × C × E, located between residue 63 and 68 was recognized. Therefore, it was named RBBP10. Mapviewer analysis locates it on human chromosome 20q11.22. RBBP10 spans about 9.6 kb of the genome and consists of six exons and five introns. RT-PCR revealed that the gene was expressed widely in various human tissues, and the expression level is somewhat higher in tumor tissues than in normal tissues. But subsequent sequencing analysis did not found any mutation of this in tumor tissues. The COS 7 cell transfected with the ORF of RBBP10 showed that the protein was distributed both in the cytoplasm and in the nucleus. Our results suggest that RBBP10 is the orthologue of the rat BOG gene (AF025819) and a paralogue of human RBBP9 (AF039564).
Keywords: RBBP10; human; clone; expression
Mitochondrial DNA Restriction Map for the Caribbean Fruit Fly, Anastrepha suspensa, and Occurrence of Mitochondrial DNA Diversity Within Highly Inbred Colonies by M. Heath; D. Kuhn; R. Schnell; C. Olano (pp. 283-292).
A restriction map has been constructed for Anastrepha suspensa mitochondrial DNA. One HaeIII site was found to be polymorphic among individuals in highly inbred colonies and a feral population. Based on mapping information, the polymorphic site was determined to be in the ATPase 6 gene. Primers TK-J-3804 and C3-N-5460 amplified this region. The amplicon was cut by HaeIII in flies of one haplotype and not cut in flies of the other haplotype. From 30 to 43% of the individual flies studied had this additional HaeIII site. After cloning of the ≈5200 bp XbaI fragment, the two mitotypes were identified. A 988 base fragment, coding for the entire tRNA-Lys(AAG), tRNA-Asp(GAC), and ATPase 8genes, and a partial ATPase 6gene was sequenced Four silent mutations, including the one at the informative site were located. The HaeIII polymorphism and other sequence differences may prove useful as a diagnostic for identification of the origin of introduced fruitflies.
Keywords: Anastrepha suspensa ; Caribbean fruit fly; mitochondrial DNA; mapping; restriction fragment polymorphism