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Biochemical Genetics (v.36, #5-6)

Genetics of alpha-Amylases in Hexaploid Oat Species by N. R. Sharopova; V. A. Portyanko; A. A. Sozinov (pp. 171-182).

The inheritance of alpha-amylases was studied insix F₂ populations of hexaploid oats (Avenasativa, A. byzantina, A. fatua, A. sterillis) usingpolyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. A total of 22 lociwas identified and described. Three main linkagesof four or five loci each and an additional two pairs oflinked loci were detected. It seems likely that thethree main linkage groups represent homeologous chromosomes. Matching of alpha-amylase profilesof hexaploid (AACCDD), tetraploid (AACC), and diploid(AA) species was made to assign the linkage groups toparticular subgenomes in the hexaploid oat. It was proposed that Linkage 1 (Amy12-Amy10-1-Amy4-Amy13-Amy11) belongs to the D-subgenome; Linkage2 (Amy10-2, Amy9-Amy8-Amy6) belongs to the A-subgenome;and Linkage 3 (Amy7-Amy3-Amy5-Amy2) belongs to the C-subgenome of the hexaploid oat. The“malt” and “green”alpha-amylases in hexaploid and tetraploid oats havebeen identified. Isozymes of “green”alpha-amylase were slower in electrophoretic mobility than other isozymesand were governed by loci assigned to the A- andD-subgenomes.

Keywords: AVENA; OAT ALPHA-AMYLASES; INHERITANCE; LINKAGES HOMEOLOGY

Allelic Polymorphism of Histone H1.a in Duck Erythrocytes by Andrzej Kowalski; Jan Palyga; Ewa Gornicka-Michalska; Wanda M. Krajewska (pp. 183-191).

Genetic Variation in Captive Koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus): Parentage Determination and Individual Identification by E. V. Fowler; B. A. Houlden; W. B. Sherwin; P. Hoeben; P. Timms (pp. 193-206).

Highly repeatable randomly amplified polymorphicDNA (RAPD) markers were developed for parentage studiesin the koala (Phascolarctos cinereus). Of the 25 RAPDprimers screened, 5 (20.0%) produced 32 repeatable polymorphic RAPD bands (average/primer = 6.4± 4.2). A high level of polymorphism was observedfor each group of koalas (Featherdale, 71.9%; Lone Pine,84.4%). All 25 koalas could be uniquely identified using either RAPD or microsatellite markers. Of the32 RAPD markers generated in koalas, 25 were informativefor parentage analyses. These RAPD markers successfullydetermined both parents to three offspring and a male parent to a fourth offspring.Paternity analysis (where the female parent is known)succeeded in assigning the correct male parent to sevenoffspring. Our RAPD–PCR method generatesinformative genetic markers that are useful for parentagedetermination and individual identification of captivekoalas. This would provide genetic analysis to zoos andwildlife parks as a low-cost alternative to the more expensive microsatellite markers.

Keywords: RAPD PROFILING; PARENTAGE; PATERNITY; IDENTIFICATION; KOALA; PHASCOLARCTOS CINEREUS

Genetic Diversity of Yunnan Local Pig Breeds Inferred from Blood Protein Electrophoresis by Wenping Hu; Linsheng Lian; Bing Su; Yaping Zhang (pp. 207-212).

Protein electrophoresis was used to examine theblood protein polymorphism in Yunnan local pig breeds,i.e., the Saba pig, Dahe pig, and Diannan small-ear pigbreeds. Of 38 genetic loci surveyed, 9 were found to be polymorphic. The percentage ofpolymorphic loci (P) varies from 0.1875 to 0.2121, andthe mean individual heterozygosity (H) varies from0.0712 to 0.1027 in three pig breeds. The resultsindicate that blood protein polymorphism in Yunnan pigbreeds is high. Yunnan local pig breeds have a wealth ofgenetic diversity at the level of blood proteins.

Keywords: YUNNAN; LOCAL PIG BREEDS; GENETIC DIVERSITY; BLOOD PROTEIN

Biochemical Genetic Studies on Wild Populations of the Vicia amoena Complex (Tribe Vicieae: Fabaceae) by Ruijun Li; Yike Gao (pp. 213-217).

Archive Contributions to a Molecular Phylogeography of the Toad Bufo calamita in Britain by T. J. C. Beebee; G. Rowe; T. Burke (pp. 219-228).

A complete phylogeographic analysis of anyspecies requires sampling throughout its biogeographicalrange. In the case of the natterjack toad Bufocalamita in Britain, recent local extinctions haveleft substantial areas of its historical rangewithout extant populations. We therefore obtained tissuesamples of archived Bufo calamita from fourmuseums in the United Kingdom. A range of tissues(tongue, liver, skin, lung, and larval tail) was sampledfrom a total of 33 individual animals. DNA was extractedand eight polymorphic microsatellite loci were scored.One or more loci were amplified successfully from 27 individuals, and sufficient data wereobtained from regions with few or no survivingpopulations to supplement a phylogeographic analysisbased on extant populations.

Keywords: PHYLOGEOGRAPHY; MICROSATELLITE LOCI; MUSEUM SPECIMENS

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Biochemical Genetics (v.36, #5-6)

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Biochemical Genetics (v.36, #5-6)