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Applied Composite Materials: An International Journal for the Science and Application of Composite Materials (v.11, #2)
Property Optimisation in Fibre Metal Laminates by R. van Rooijen; J. Sinke; T. J. De Vries; S. van der Zwaag (pp. 63-76).
Fibre Metal Laminates (FMLs) are hybrid materials, which consist of thin metal sheets bonded together with alternating unidirectional fibre layers. This material concept has resulted in superior fatigue characteristics with respect to the metallic counterpart. Several static characteristics (specifically tension, shear, bearing, blunt and sharp notch behaviour) are however negatively influenced due to the fibre addition. This paper investigates the influence of constituent properties on these characteristics to define possible improvements. The available analytical models are reviewed and if necessary the specific failure mechanisms are described. Using these models and available test data, trend lines are obtained, which indicate the effects of the principal parameters and quantify potential improvements.
Keywords: GLARE; Fibre Metal Laminates; static failure modes
Application of Interlaminar Tests to Marine Composites. Relation between Glass Fibre/Polymer Interfaces and Interlaminar Properties of Marine Composites by Christophe Baley; Yves Grohens; Frédéric Busnel; Peter Davies (pp. 77-98).
The need for improved performance and the development of new composite manufacturing methods require a better understanding of the role of interface phenomena in the mechanical behaviour of these materials. The influence of the cure cycle on the bulk and surface properties of the matrix resin, and of composites based on polyester and epoxy resins reinforced with glass fibres has been studied. While the mechanical properties of the epoxy vary with cure temperature the surface tension is not affected. The increase in interfacial shear strength and interlaminar shear strength with increased cure temperature cannot be simply explained by the wetting of the fibres by the matrix. The importance of thermal stresses, generated at the interface by resin shrinkage and differences in thermal expansion, for the mechanical behaviour of the composite are demonstrated.
Keywords: glass fibres; polyester; epoxy; surface energy; reversible adhesion energy; wettability; microbond test; interfacial shear strength; interlaminar shear strength
Application of Interlaminar Tests to Marine Composites. A Literature Review by Christophe Baley; Peter Davies; Yves Grohens; Grégoire Dolto (pp. 99-126).
This paper gives an overview of the characterization of the interlaminar properties of composites used for marine structures. Composites to be used in marine applications have particular requirements due to their environment, their large dimensions, mechanical loading and cost constraints. Under certain loading conditions (insert loading, impact) there is a risk of delamination as interlaminar strength of these materials is limited. This paper presents an overview of the tests available to measure delamination resistance. The parameters which influence this property, including the constituents (fibre, matrix, interface), specimen geometry, fabrication route and the resulting defects, and aging are reviewed here.
Keywords: interlaminar properties; marine composite; mechanical tests; porosity; fabrication; adhesion; interface; resin; reinforcement