Check out our New Publishers' Select for Free Articles

Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology (v.48, #8)

Technologies of Agrobacterium plant transformation In planta by M. I. Chumakov; E. M. Moiseeva (pp. 657-666).

In this review, methods of Agrobacterium T-DNA transfer into plant cells in planta are discussed. The main focus is on the technologies of gene transfer into generative plant cells as a part of Agrobacterium T-DNA. The influence of the plant genotype, bacterial strain, vector construction type, inoculation medium composition, and the conditions of plant treatment with Agrobacterium on the efficiency of Agrobacterium transformation in planta is analysed. Based on literature and personal experimental data, the possible mechanism of Agrobacterium transformation of generative plant cells in planta is discussed.

Keywords: genetic transformation in planta ; transgenic plants; Agrobacterium tumefaciens

Application of the microbial process of anaerobic ammonium oxidation (ANAMMOX) in biotechnological wastewater treatment by A. N. Nozhevnikova; M. V. Simankova; Yu. V. Litti (pp. 667-684).

This review covers various aspects of the process of anaerobic ammonium oxidation by nitrite with the formation of molecular nitrogen called ANAMMOX (ANaerobic AMMonium Oxidation). Anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria are briefly described, including their phylogenetics, habitat, and morphological and physiological characteristics. The current views on the biochemistry of the microbial nitrite reduction by ammonium are presented. The review is focused on biotechnological wastewater treatment based on the ANAMMOX process. Various nitrogen removal technologies using this process, namely, the SHARONANAMMOX CANON and DEAMOX BC-DEAMOX, and their practical use are reviewed. Various types of reactors and set ups using the ANAMMOX process that are applied to the treatment of wastewater are analyzed. Processing methods for slowly growing ANAMMOX bacterial biomass accumulation aimed at subsequent inoculation in reactors are analyzed. The problems and methods for ANAMMOX bacterial biomass immobilization in reactors and on carriers are described. A description and parameters of laboratory and pilot plants utilizing various high-ammonia wastewater are given. Examples of the currently operating full-scale industrial setups with the ANAMMOX process implementation, including those for the complex biochemical treatment of domestic sewage (BC-DEAMOX) constructed by EKOS (Russia) at the Olympic facilities in the Sochi region, are discussed.

Keywords: ANAMMOX; ANAMMOX bacteria; anaerobic ammonium oxidation; BC-DEAMOX; DEAMOX; denitrification; nitrification; wastewater decontamination; planctomycetes; CANON; SHARON-ANAMMOX

Design of a latex assay based on monoclonal antibodies for the detection of enterohemorrhagic E. coli belonging to the O157 serogroup by N. M. Luneva; R. Z. Shaikhutdinova; E. V. Belova; I. G. Shemyakin (pp. 685-690).

Monoclonal antibodies (MCAs) to the E. coli O157: H7 O-antigen characterized by a high level of activity and specificity have been obtained. We investigated their biochemical properties and diagnostic importance. Based on these results, we constructed a latex assay using monoclonal antibodies for the identification of enterohemorrhagic E. coli belonging to the O157 serogroup. This assay was tested on pure cultures of 31 strains of closely related and other microorganisms. The designed assay allows one to detect microbial cells of E. coli O157:H7 at concentrations of 2.5 × 10⁵ cell/ml and higher.

Keywords: monoclonal antibodies; latex agglutination; specificity; E. coli O157: H7

Preparation and characterization of monoclonal antibodies to human adiponectin for its quantitative measurement in serum by A. V. Rodina; N. V. Gorokhovets; V. A. Makarov; V. K. Sologub; I. A. Koromyslova; L. P. Pozdniakova; D. A. Andreev; N. V. Ermakov; S. E. Severin (pp. 691-698).

Mouse Monoclonal antibodies against human adiponectin were produced by the routine method and the specificity of antibodies was verified. These monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) interacted with the monomeric and trimeric forms of recombinant adiponectin according to the results of a Western blot analysis. Human blood serum was fractionated by gel filtration, and the protein of these fractions was stained using labeled MoAbs. It was established that a single high-molecular-weight form (HMW) of endogenous adiponectin was detected by this method. The use of competitive enzymelinked immunoassay on the basis of the obtained MoAbs allowed us to show that the sera of healthy male donors contains lower adiponectin concentrations than that of female donors (8.42 ± 1.59 μg/ml vs. 11.01 ± 2.58 μg/ml, p = 0.01). We also detected statistically significant lower adiponectin levels in the serum of patients with coronary artery disease for both men (6.01 ± 2.73 μg/ml vs. 8.42 ± 1.59 μg/ml, p = 0.015) and women (5.79 ± 2.98 μg/ml vs. 11.01 ± 2.58 μg/ml, p = 0.0003). Therefore, the developed methods for the analysis of the HMW form of adiponectin can be helpful in the diagnostics of the possible implications and assessment of unfavorable prognoses in patients with cardiovascular disorders.

Keywords: adiponectin; cardiovascular disorders; competitive ELISA; high-molecular-weight (HMW) complexes; monoclonal antibodies

Investigations into the processes of sorption and desorption of polypeptide antibiotics on Taunit multiwalled carbon nanotubes by M. V. Il’ina; A. V. Timofeeva; V. T. Ivanova; E. I. Burtseva; L. A. Baratova; I. Yu. Sapurina; G. S. Katrukha (pp. 699-704).

A modern nanomaterial made of Taunit multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) was used for the first time to adsorb and desorb gramicidin S and teicoplanin A2 polypeptide antibiotics. Taunit was found to absorb efficiently antibiotics under particular conditions when MWCNTs were taken in excess at 20°C for 18 h. The desorption efficiency depended on the eluent content and the structure of antibiotics. The teicoplanin A2 antibiotic was eluted with a higher yield because of its higher polarity compared to gramicidin S (86% against 65% of the total Taunit-bound antibiotic).

Keywords: polypeptide antibiotics; quantitative analysis; Taunit multiwalled carbon nanotubes; RP HPLC; Milichrom A-02 chromatograph

Sections

Personal tools

Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology (v.48, #8)

Sections

Personal tools

Local resources

Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology (v.48, #8)